MODERNISM

The building of cities has a long and complex history. Although city planning as an organized profession has existed for less than a century, all cities display various degrees of forethought and conscious design in their layout and functioning.The garden city is a method of planning that was initiated during 1898 by Ebenezer Howard and United Kingdom. Garden cities were intended to be planned, self-contained, communities surrounded by "greenbelts" (parks), containing proportionate areas of residences, industry, and agriculture. 

Elements of Modernism City Urban Structure

-Networks

Every modern city contains an amazing array of pathways to carry flows of people, goods, water, energy, and information. Transportation networks are the largest and most visible of these.

-Buildings

Buildings are the most visible elements of the city, the features that give each city its unique character.

-Open Spaces

Open space is sometimes treated as a leftover, but it contributes greatly to the quality of urban life.

Reformist Modernism:

- The parks movement

-Garden city movement

Letchworth first Garden City.   The Garden City was founded in 1903 by Ebenezer Howard.was one of the first new towns, is the first world garden city designed to incorporate elements of the country, alongside city life..

-City Beautiful movement

Chicago plan. The Burnham Plan is a popular name for the 1909 Plan of Chicago.It recommended an integrated series of projects including new and widened streets, parks, new railroad and harbor facilities, and civic buildings.

-City efficient movement

-Master plan

Comprehensive planning is a term used in the United States by land use planners to describe a process that determines community goals and aspirations in terms of community development.